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Important Sections of Companies Act 2013 for Exams

Introduction

The Companies Act 2013 contains many sections, but some are frequently asked in CA, CS, and CMA examinations. Knowing these key sections helps in quick revision and better exam performance.

Incorporation & Basic Concepts

Section 2 - Definitions (Company, Officer, Promoter, etc.)
Section 3 - Formation of Company
Section 7 - Incorporation of Company
Section 8 - Formation of Charitable / Non-Profit Company
Section 10 - Effect of Memorandum and Articles

Memorandum & Articles of Association

Section 4 - Memorandum of Association (MOA)
Section 5 - Articles of Association (AOA)
Section 13 - Alteration of MOA
Section 14 - Alteration of AOA

Share Capital & Debentures

Section 23 - Issue of Securities
Section 42 - Private Placement
Section 43 - Kinds of Share Capital
Section 50 - Transfer of Securities
Section 53 - Prohibition on Issue of Shares at Discount
Section 62 - Further Issue of Share Capital
Section 71 - Debentures

Membership & Management

Section 88 - Register of Members
Section 89 - Declaration of Beneficial Interest
Section 90 - Significant Beneficial Owner
Section 92 - Annual Return

Directors

Section 149 - Company to Have Board of Directors
Section 152 - Appointment of Directors
Section 164 - Disqualification of Directors
Section 166 - Duties of Directors
Section 168 - Resignation of Director

Meetings

Section 96 - Annual General Meeting (AGM)
Section 100 - Calling of Extraordinary General Meeting (EGM)
Section 101 - Notice of Meeting
Section 103 - Quorum for Meetings
Section 118 - Minutes of Meetings

Accounts & Audit

Section 128 - Books of Accounts
Section 129 - Financial Statements
Section 134 - Financial Statement, Board's Report
Section 139 - Appointment of Auditors
Section 143 - Powers and Duties of Auditors

Dividend & CSR

Section 123 - Declaration of Dividend
Section 124 - Unpaid Dividend Account
Section 125 - Investor Education and Protection Fund (IEPF)
Section 139 - Appointment of Auditors
Section 135 - Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Inspection, Investigation & Penalties

Section 206 - Power to Call for Information
Section 210 - Investigation into Affairs of Company
Section 212 - Serious Fraud Investigation Office (SFIO)
Section 447 - Punishment for Fraud

Compromises, Arrangements & Winding Up

Section 230 - Compromise and Arrangement
Section 232 - Merger and Amalgamation
Section 248 - Removal of Name of Company
Section 271 - Winding Up by Tribunal

Conclusion

These sections of the Companies Act 2013 are highly important from an exam point of view. Students should focus on section numbers, headings, key provisions, and practical applications to score well in CA, CS, and CMA examinations.

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